A group of related products offered by a company under a common brand.

A product line, also referred to as a product category or product class, is a group of related products offered by a company under a single brand that share similar characteristics [1, 2, 3]. These products typically:

• Fulfill similar needs or functions: For example, a clothing company might have a product line for jeans, another for t-shirts, and another for sportswear. All these product lines address the need for apparel but cater to different styles or activities.

• Target the same customer segment: A company might have a product line of high-end laptops targeting professional users and a separate line of budget-friendly laptops for students.
• Share similar brand elements: Products within a line typically use the same branding elements like logos, packaging styles, or marketing messages to create brand cohesiveness.

Here’s a deeper dive into the benefits of product lines for businesses and some factors to consider when developing them:

Benefits of Product Lines:

• Cater to Diverse Customer Needs: Offering a variety of products within a line allows businesses to address the needs of a broader customer base with different preferences or budgets.
• Leverage Brand Recognition: Existing brand recognition for a product line can be leveraged to launch new products within the same line, reducing marketing efforts required for each new product.
• Cross-Selling and Upselling Opportunities: Product lines can create opportunities to cross-sell (encourage buying related products) or upsell (encourage buying a higher-end version of a product) to existing customers.
• Operational Efficiencies: Sharing common features, components, or manufacturing processes across a product line can lead to cost savings and production efficiencies.

Factors to Consider When Developing a Product Line:

• Market Research: Understanding customer needs, preferences, and buying behaviors within the target market is crucial for developing a successful product line.
• Brand Alignment: New products should align with the overall brand image and message to maintain brand consistency.
• Complementary Products: Products within a line should complement each other, not directly compete.
• Profitability: Each product in the line should contribute positively to the company’s profits, even if some generate higher margins than others.

Examples of Product Lines:

• A smartphone manufacturer might have a product line of premium flagship phones, a line of mid-range devices, and a line of budget-friendly smartphones.
• A cosmetics company might have a product line of skincare products, a line of makeup products, and a line of hair care products.
• A car manufacturer might have a product line of sedans, a line of SUVs, and a line of trucks.